

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en-US">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge">

  <link rel="stylesheet" href="/assets/css/just-the-docs-default.css">

  <link rel="stylesheet" href="/assets/css/just-the-docs-head-nav.css" id="jtd-head-nav-stylesheet">

  <style id="jtd-nav-activation">
  
    .site-nav ul li a {
      background-image: none;
    }

  </style>

  

  
    <script src="/assets/js/vendor/lunr.min.js"></script>
  

  <script src="/assets/js/just-the-docs.js"></script>

  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">

  

  <link rel="icon" href="/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon">



  <!-- Begin Jekyll SEO tag v2.8.0 -->
<title>Ingle | A statically-typed, brace-delimited systems language — memory-safe without a GC.</title>
<meta name="generator" content="Jekyll v3.10.0" />
<meta property="og:title" content="Ingle" />
<meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" />
<meta name="description" content="A statically-typed, brace-delimited systems language — memory-safe without a GC." />
<meta property="og:description" content="A statically-typed, brace-delimited systems language — memory-safe without a GC." />
<link rel="canonical" href="https://www.ingle-lang.org/assets/css/just-the-docs-head-nav.css" />
<meta property="og:url" content="https://www.ingle-lang.org/assets/css/just-the-docs-head-nav.css" />
<meta property="og:site_name" content="Ingle" />
<meta property="og:image" content="https://www.ingle-lang.org/og-card.png" />
<meta property="og:type" content="website" />
<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" />
<meta property="twitter:image" content="https://www.ingle-lang.org/og-card.png" />
<meta property="twitter:title" content="Ingle" />
<meta name="twitter:site" content="@" />
<script type="application/ld+json">
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"WebPage","description":"A statically-typed, brace-delimited systems language — memory-safe without a GC.","headline":"Ingle","image":"https://www.ingle-lang.org/og-card.png","publisher":{"@type":"Organization","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://www.ingle-lang.org/ingle.png"}},"url":"https://www.ingle-lang.org/assets/css/just-the-docs-head-nav.css"}</script>
<!-- End Jekyll SEO tag -->


  <!-- Just the Docs injects this into <head> on every page (its customization hook). Migrated from
     the old minima-era custom-head.html. The noindex toggle lets a page opt out of search indexing
     via `noindex: true` in its front matter — used by THE_INGLE_BOOK.md, which is kept as a
     single-page read-through but de-indexed so it does not compete with the split /guide pages. -->
<link rel="icon" href="/favicon.ico" sizes="48x48 32x32 16x16" type="image/x-icon">


</head>

<body>
  <a class="skip-to-main" href="#main-content">Skip to main content</a>
  <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="d-none">
  <symbol id="svg-link" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
  <title>Link</title>
  <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather feather-link">
    <path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path>
  </svg>
</symbol>

  <symbol id="svg-menu" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
  <title>Menu</title>
  <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather feather-menu">
    <line x1="3" y1="12" x2="21" y2="12"></line><line x1="3" y1="6" x2="21" y2="6"></line><line x1="3" y1="18" x2="21" y2="18"></line>
  </svg>
</symbol>

  <symbol id="svg-arrow-right" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
  <title>Expand</title>
  <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather feather-chevron-right">
    <polyline points="9 18 15 12 9 6"></polyline>
  </svg>
</symbol>

  <!-- Feather. MIT License: https://github.com/feathericons/feather/blob/master/LICENSE -->
<symbol id="svg-external-link" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather feather-external-link">
  <title id="svg-external-link-title">(external link)</title>
  <path d="M18 13v6a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2V8a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h6"></path><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><line x1="10" y1="14" x2="21" y2="3"></line>
</symbol>

  
    <symbol id="svg-doc" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
  <title>Document</title>
  <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather feather-file">
    <path d="M13 2H6a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v16a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h12a2 2 0 0 0 2-2V9z"></path><polyline points="13 2 13 9 20 9"></polyline>
  </svg>
</symbol>

    <symbol id="svg-search" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
  <title>Search</title>
  <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather feather-search">
    <circle cx="11" cy="11" r="8"></circle><line x1="21" y1="21" x2="16.65" y2="16.65"></line>
  </svg>
</symbol>

  
  
    <!-- Bootstrap Icons. MIT License: https://github.com/twbs/icons/blob/main/LICENSE.md -->
<symbol id="svg-copy" viewBox="0 0 16 16">
  <title>Copy</title>
  <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" class="bi bi-clipboard" viewBox="0 0 16 16">
    <path d="M4 1.5H3a2 2 0 0 0-2 2V14a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h10a2 2 0 0 0 2-2V3.5a2 2 0 0 0-2-2h-1v1h1a1 1 0 0 1 1 1V14a1 1 0 0 1-1 1H3a1 1 0 0 1-1-1V3.5a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h1v-1z"/>
    <path d="M9.5 1a.5.5 0 0 1 .5.5v1a.5.5 0 0 1-.5.5h-3a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5v-1a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h3zm-3-1A1.5 1.5 0 0 0 5 1.5v1A1.5 1.5 0 0 0 6.5 4h3A1.5 1.5 0 0 0 11 2.5v-1A1.5 1.5 0 0 0 9.5 0h-3z"/>
  </svg>
</symbol>
<symbol id="svg-copied" viewBox="0 0 16 16">
  <title>Copied</title>
  <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" class="bi bi-clipboard-check-fill" viewBox="0 0 16 16">
    <path d="M6.5 0A1.5 1.5 0 0 0 5 1.5v1A1.5 1.5 0 0 0 6.5 4h3A1.5 1.5 0 0 0 11 2.5v-1A1.5 1.5 0 0 0 9.5 0h-3Zm3 1a.5.5 0 0 1 .5.5v1a.5.5 0 0 1-.5.5h-3a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5v-1a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h3Z"/>
    <path d="M4 1.5H3a2 2 0 0 0-2 2V14a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h10a2 2 0 0 0 2-2V3.5a2 2 0 0 0-2-2h-1v1A2.5 2.5 0 0 1 9.5 5h-3A2.5 2.5 0 0 1 4 2.5v-1Zm6.854 7.354-3 3a.5.5 0 0 1-.708 0l-1.5-1.5a.5.5 0 0 1 .708-.708L7.5 10.793l2.646-2.647a.5.5 0 0 1 .708.708Z"/>
  </svg>
</symbol>

  
</svg>

  
    <header class="side-bar">
  <div class="site-header">
    <a href="/" class="site-title lh-tight">
  <div class="site-logo" role="img" aria-label="Ingle"></div>

</a>
    <button id="menu-button" class="site-button btn-reset" aria-label="Menu" aria-expanded="false">
      <svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="icon" aria-hidden="true"><use xlink:href="#svg-menu"></use></svg>
    </button>
  </div>

  <nav aria-label="Main" id="site-nav" class="site-nav">
  
  
    <ul class="nav-list"><li class="nav-list-item"><a href="/start.html" class="nav-list-link">Get started</a></li><li class="nav-list-item"><button class="nav-list-expander btn-reset" aria-label="Guide submenu" aria-expanded="false">
        <svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" aria-hidden="true"><use xlink:href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg>
      </button><a href="/guide/" class="nav-list-link">Guide</a><ul class="nav-list"><li class="nav-list-item"><button class="nav-list-expander btn-reset" aria-label="Part I — First Light submenu" aria-expanded="false">
        <svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" aria-hidden="true"><use xlink:href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg>
      </button><a href="/guide/part-1.html" class="nav-list-link">Part I — First Light</a><ul class="nav-list"><li class="nav-list-item"><a href="/guide/ch-01.html" class="nav-list-link">Chapter 1 — Hello, Ingle</a></li><li class="nav-list-item"><a href="/guide/ch-02.html" class="nav-list-link">Chapter 2 — Values and Bindings</a></li><li class="nav-list-item"><a href="/guide/ch-03.html" class="nav-list-link">Chapter 3 — Numbers, Text, and Truth</a></li></ul></li><li class="nav-list-item"><button class="nav-list-expander btn-reset" aria-label="Part II — Building Things submenu" aria-expanded="false">
        <svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" aria-hidden="true"><use xlink:href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg>
      </button><a href="/guide/part-2.html" class="nav-list-link">Part II — Building Things</a><ul class="nav-list"><li class="nav-list-item"><a href="/guide/ch-04.html" class="nav-list-link">Chapter 4 — Functions</a></li><li class="nav-list-item"><a href="/guide/ch-05.html" class="nav-list-link">Chapter 5 — Control Flow</a></li><li class="nav-list-item"><a href="/guide/ch-06.html" class="nav-list-link">Chapter 6 — Arrays and Iteration</a></li><li class="nav-list-item"><a href="/guide/ch-07.html" class="nav-list-link">Chapter 7 — Structs and Methods</a></li><li class="nav-list-item"><a href="/guide/ch-08.html" class="nav-list-link">Chapter 8 — Enums and Pattern Matching</a></li></ul></li><li class="nav-list-item"><button class="nav-list-expander btn-reset" aria-label="Part III — Bigger Ideas submenu" aria-expanded="false">
        <svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" aria-hidden="true"><use xlink:href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg>
      </button><a href="/guide/part-3.html" class="nav-list-link">Part III — Bigger Ideas</a><ul class="nav-list"><li class="nav-list-item"><a href="/guide/ch-09.html" class="nav-list-link">Chapter 9 — Errors and Optionals</a></li><li class="nav-list-item"><a href="/guide/ch-10.html" class="nav-list-link">Chapter 10 — Generics and Interfaces</a></li><li class="nav-list-item"><a href="/guide/ch-11.html" class="nav-list-link">Chapter 11 — Functions as Values, and Closures</a></li><li class="nav-list-item"><a href="/guide/ch-12.html" class="nav-list-link">Chapter 12 — Ownership Without Tears</a></li><li class="nav-list-item"><a href="/guide/ch-13.html" class="nav-list-link">Chapter 13 — Memory, the Quiet Way</a></li><li class="nav-list-item"><a href="/guide/ch-14.html" class="nav-list-link">Chapter 14 — Concurrency</a></li><li class="nav-list-item"><a href="/guide/ch-15.html" class="nav-list-link">Chapter 15 — Modules and the Standard Library</a></li><li class="nav-list-item"><a href="/guide/ch-16.html" class="nav-list-link">Chapter 16 — Talking to C</a></li></ul></li><li class="nav-list-item"><button class="nav-list-expander btn-reset" aria-label="Part IV — Knowing You're Right submenu" aria-expanded="false">
        <svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" aria-hidden="true"><use xlink:href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg>
      </button><a href="/guide/part-4.html" class="nav-list-link">Part IV — Knowing You're Right</a><ul class="nav-list"><li class="nav-list-item"><a href="/guide/ch-17.html" class="nav-list-link">Chapter 17 — Contracts</a></li><li class="nav-list-item"><a href="/guide/ch-18.html" class="nav-list-link">Chapter 18 — The Verification Loop</a></li><li class="nav-list-item"><a href="/guide/ch-19.html" class="nav-list-link">Chapter 19 — The Tape, and Errors as Data</a></li><li class="nav-list-item"><a href="/guide/ch-20.html" class="nav-list-link">Chapter 20 — Crucible: The Memory Fuzzer</a></li></ul></li><li class="nav-list-item"><button class="nav-list-expander btn-reset" aria-label="Part V — Reference submenu" aria-expanded="false">
        <svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" aria-hidden="true"><use xlink:href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg>
      </button><a href="/guide/part-5.html" class="nav-list-link">Part V — Reference</a><ul class="nav-list"><li class="nav-list-item"><a href="/guide/ch-21.html" class="nav-list-link">Chapter 21 — The Whole Toolbox</a></li><li class="nav-list-item"><a href="/guide/ch-22.html" class="nav-list-link">Chapter 22 — Compiling to Native</a></li><li class="nav-list-item"><a href="/guide/ch-23.html" class="nav-list-link">Chapter 23 — The "Not Yet" List</a></li><li class="nav-list-item"><a href="/guide/ch-24.html" class="nav-list-link">Chapter 24 — One-Page Cheat Sheet</a></li></ul></li><li class="nav-list-item"><button class="nav-list-expander btn-reset" aria-label="Part VI — Things People See submenu" aria-expanded="false">
        <svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" aria-hidden="true"><use xlink:href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg>
      </button><a href="/guide/part-6.html" class="nav-list-link">Part VI — Things People See</a><ul class="nav-list"><li class="nav-list-item"><a href="/guide/ch-25.html" class="nav-list-link">Chapter 25 — Flare: Interfaces You Can Read</a></li></ul></li><li class="nav-list-item"><a href="/guide/glossary.html" class="nav-list-link">Appendix A — Glossary</a></li><li class="nav-list-item"><a href="/guide/colophon.html" class="nav-list-link">Colophon</a></li></ul></li><li class="nav-list-item"><a href="/language.html" class="nav-list-link">Language Reference</a></li><li class="nav-list-item"><a href="/flare.html" class="nav-list-link">Flare — declarative UI</a></li><li class="nav-list-item"><a href="/faults.html" class="nav-list-link">Faults — the error model</a></li><li class="nav-list-item"><a href="/for-llms.html" class="nav-list-link">For LLMs — the priors cheat-sheet</a></li><li class="nav-list-item"><a href="/architecture.html" class="nav-list-link">Compiler & Toolchain Architecture</a></li><li class="nav-list-item"><a href="/http-design.html" class="nav-list-link">std/http — Design of Record</a></li><li class="nav-list-item"><a href="/sqlite.html" class="nav-list-link">std/sqlite — Databases</a></li><li class="nav-list-item"><a href="/inside" class="nav-list-link">Ingle from the Inside</a></li></ul>
  
</nav>


<div class="d-md-block d-none site-footer">
  
  
    This site uses <a href="https://github.com/just-the-docs/just-the-docs">Just the Docs</a>, a documentation theme for Jekyll.
  
  </div>
</header>

  
  <div class="main" id="top">
    <div id="main-header" class="main-header">
  
    

<div class="search" role="search">
  <div class="search-input-wrap">
    <input type="text" id="search-input" class="search-input" tabindex="0" placeholder="Search Ingle" autocomplete="off">
    <label for="search-input" class="search-label">
      <span class="sr-only">Search Ingle</span>
      <svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="search-icon" aria-hidden="true"><use xlink:href="#svg-search"></use></svg>
    </label>
  </div>
  <div id="search-results" class="search-results"></div>
</div>

  
  
  
    <nav aria-label="Auxiliary" class="aux-nav">
  <ul class="aux-nav-list">
    
      <li class="aux-nav-list-item">
        <a href="https://github.com/ingle-lang/ingle" class="site-button"
          
          target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"
          
        >
          Ingle on GitHub
        </a>
      </li>
    
  </ul>
</nav>

  
</div>

    <div class="main-content-wrap">
      
      <div id="main-content" class="main-content">
        <main>
          
            

          

          
            
          
        </main>
        
<hr>
<footer>
  
    <p><a href="#top" id="back-to-top">Back to top</a></p>
  

  

  <div class="d-md-none mt-4 fs-2">
    
    
      This site uses <a href="https://github.com/just-the-docs/just-the-docs">Just the Docs</a>, a documentation theme for Jekyll.
    
  </div>
</footer>

      </div>
    </div>
    
      

<div class="search-overlay"></div>

    
  </div>

  
</body>
</html>

